Preheat your oven to 375°F.
Cook 1 pound rigatoni in a large pot of salted water. Boil it for a couple of minutes less than the package directions (you want it al dente). Drain and set aside.
In a large oven-safe skillet, melt 5 tablespoons of unsalted butter with ½ tablespoon olive oil over medium heat.
Add 1 small diced yellow onion and 8 ounces of sliced fresh mushrooms to the skillet. Sauté for 5–7 minutes, until the vegetables are tender and the onions are translucent.
Stir in 3 minced garlic cloves and cook for another 1 minute, stirring frequently.
Sprinkle in ¼ cup all-purpose flour, stirring to coat the vegetables. Cook the mixture for 1–2 minutes, whisking constantly.
Slowly whisk in 2 cups of milk (I used 1%), stirring well to avoid clumps. Season with ¼ teaspoon salt and ½ teaspoon black pepper. Continue whisking until the sauce thickens slightly.
Lower the heat to low. Reserve about ⅓ of each cheese (mozzarella, gouda, and provolone) for topping. Stir in the remaining 8 ounces mozzarella, 8 ounces smoked gouda, and 8 ounces provolone until melted and creamy.
If using, stir in 1 to 2 cups of diced grilled chicken.
Add the cooked rigatoni to the cheese sauce and toss until well coated. Taste and adjust seasoning if needed.
If your skillet is oven-safe, sprinkle the reserved cheese over the top. If not, transfer the pasta mixture to a 9x13-inch baking dish and top with the reserved cheeses.
Bake for 30 minutes, or until the cheese is melted and bubbly.
Let the pasta rest for 5–10 minutes before serving.